¤W­¶¡@1¢x2¢x3¢x4¢x5¢x6¢x7¡@¦¸­¶

²Î­p¾Ç²L½Í ¡]²Ä 4 ­¶¡^

­ð¤å¼Ð

 

­º­¶ | ·j´M

¡D­ì¸ü©ó¼Æ¾Ç¶Ç¼½²Ä¤T¨÷²Ä¤T´Á
¡D§@ªÌ·í®É¥ô±Ð©ó­^°ê¼C¾ô¤j¾Ç
¡E¹ï¥~·j´MÃöÁä¦r
 
(¤B)·§²vªÅ¶¡ªº·N¸q¡G

§Ú­Ì¥ý½Í²Ä¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¡A´N¬O²{¶H©Ò³B¨­ªº¡A¨Ò¦p¦ÛµM¬É¡A¦³¨S¦³³W«h¡H ªÀ·|µo®i¬O§_¥i¥H§ä¨ì¤@©wªºµo®i³W«ß©O¡H§Ú­Ì¦ÛµM¤£ª¾¹D¡A ¦ý¹Á¸Õ¥h¸ÑÄÀ¥¦¬O¤@¥ó¤HÃþªº¨Æ¡A§Ú­Ìªº·Qªk¬O¦³®É¥i¥H§Q¥Î¤@­Ó¡u¼Æ¾Ç¼Ò«¬¡v ¨Ó¹Gªñ¸ÑÄÀ³oªÀ·|²{¶Hªº¡C

³oùØ¡A§Ú­Ì¥i¥H¤À¶}¨Ó»¡¡A³oºØ°²³]¬O¦P®É¦³²z½×©Ê©M¸gÅç©Êªº·N¸qªº¡C ¤U­±§Æ±æ¯à¸ÑÄÀ³o¤@ÂI¡C

±q«e­±Á|¨Ò±oª¾¡A20­Ó¤H¤¤¤ëÁ~¤£»ô¡C§Ú­Ì¥i¥H°²³]³o¬O¤@­Ó±`ºA¤À§G¨ç¼Æ¡A¨ä±K«×¨ç¼Æ¬O

\begin{displaymath}
f(x)=\frac{1}{\sigma \sqrt{2\pi}} e^{-\frac{(X-\mu)^2}{2\sigma^2}}
\end{displaymath}

¨ä¤¤£g©M$\sigma^2$¬O¤G­Ó°Ñ¼Æªº±`¼Æ¡A(´N¬O»¡ªA±q¤@­Ó¼Æ¾Ç¼Ò«¬¤F) §Ú­Ì­n§Q¥Î¼Ë¥»¨Ó±À´ú£g©M$\sigma^2$ªº¯u­È¡C

¦ý¥t¤@¤è­±¡A¥Ñ©ó20­Ó¤H¤¤¤ëÁ~¤£»ô¡A©Ò¥H¥¦§Î¦¨¬YºØ¸gÅç¤À§G(¼Ò«¬) ¹Ï¼Ë¡C¨Ò¦p¥Ñ20¤HÅܬ°100¤H¡A¨º»ò«Ü¥i¯à¦³¤U­±¹Ï§Î¡A¹³¸ò¾Ú¤¤¤ß·¥­­©w²z¡A ·U¨Ó·U±µªñ¤@­Ó²z·Q«¬ªº¤À§G¤]¡C³o´N¬O¸gÅç¤WÁͪñ±`ºA¤À§Gªº·N¸q¤F¡C





§Ú­Ì·Qªk¬O¡A²Î­p°ò¥»³]­p¬O¡A§Q¥Î¤@­Ó·§²v¼Ò«¬¨Ó¸ÑÄÀ¥@¬É¡C ¨Ò¤l¤¤§Ú­Ì­n°Ý¡A³o¨Ç¤ëÁ~¬O§_¦X¥G¤@­Ó·§²vªÅ¶¡¡]¼Ò«¬¡^¡C ¤@­Ó¤H¤§¤J®§ªA±q¬Y¨Ç©w«h¡HÀH«K®³°_¤@¥÷¤ë®§³ø§i¡A ¨º»ò³o¨Ç©Ò±oªº»ù­È¬O¬Y¤@¼Æ¡A¬O§_ªA±q¬YºØ·§²v¤À§G¨ç¼Æ¦Ó¥X²{ªº©O¡H ¦pªG¬O¡A¨º»ò«K¥i¥H¥Î·§²v¤èªk¨Ó°Q½×¤F¡C

¦AÁ|¤@­Ó¨Ò¤l¡C¤@¶¡ª±¨ã¤u¼t¡A¥i¥H¥X«~¦hºØ¤£¦Pªºª±¨ã¡C §Ú­Ì¥i¥HºÙ¨C¤@¦¸¥X«~ª±¨ãªº°t¦X¬°¡u¨Æ¥ó¡v¡C(¨Ò¦p¡A¤Q°¦ª±¨ãª¯¡A ¤G¤Q¨ã©Z§J¨®¬°¤@­Ó¨Æ¥ó¡C)¦pªG³o¨Ç¨Æ¥óªº¥X²{¬O¦X©ó¥«³õ­n¨Dªº¡A ¦]¦¹¨ã³Æ¤F¤@±ø¤w«ÈÆ[¦s¦bªº·§²v¨ç¼Æªº±ø¥ó¡A §Ú­Ì±N³oºØ±ø¥ó©M©Ò¦³¨Æ¥ó¤@°_¨Ó·Q¡A³o´N¬O¡u·§²vªÅ¶¡¡vªº°_·½¤F¡C

¦ý¬O¡A¨Æ¥ó¥i¯à¬O¤@ºØ¨Æ¹ê¡A¤@ºØ¹êÅçµ²ªG¡A©Î¤@¨Çµo®iªººØÃþ¡A ¤£¤@©w¯à¾A¦X¹Bºâ¡A§óµL½×±q¤¤§ä¨ì¼Æ¦r´ú«×¤F¡C¨Ò¦p¦b³oºØ·Qªk¤U¡A »¡¤@­Ó¤H½a¤£¦p»¡©ú¥Lªº¤J®§¬O¦h¤Ö¡C¬°¤F³o½t¬G¡A§Ú­Ì§â¨Æ¥ó¶q¤Æ¬°¼Æ¾Ú¡A ¬Æ¦Ü¶i¤@¨B§ï­q¡u¨Æ¥ó¡v¡C

§ï­q¨Æ¥ó´N¤Þ¶i¤F¡uÀH¾÷Åܼơv³o¤@­ÓÆ[©À¡C¤]¬O»¡¥Î¼Æ¾Çªº»y¨¥¨Ó²¤Æ ¡u·§²vªÅ¶¡¡v¡A¨Ï¥¦§ó¦X©ó²Î­pªº¹Bºâ¡C §ï­q¡u¨Æ¥ó¡vªº¹Lµ{¬O­n¸ß°Ý¤G­Ó°ÝÃD¡G

(¤@)¬Y¤@¨Æ¥ó¬O¬Æ»ò¡H
(¤G)¬Y¤@¨Æ¥ó¦³¦h¤j¡H

³o´N¬O§Ú­Ì¹ï¤@­Ó¹êÅ礤¥ô¤@¨Æ¥óªººA«×¡A¨s³º³o¨Æ¥ó¬O¤°»òªF¦è©O¡H ¹êÅç °Ý¡GA³o¡u¨Æ¥ó¡v¥X²{ªº·N¸q¡G

(¤@)¥¦¬O¤°»ò¡H
(¤G)¥¦¨­Åé¦h¤j¡H



§Ú­Ì¨ÓµªÂгo¤G­Ó°ÝÃD¡C

(¤@)³o¨Æ¥ó¬O¤°»ò¡H§Ú­Ì§â¥¦Âà´«¤@¤U(¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A ¤]´N¥[¤J¤F¦Û¤v¹ï³o¨Æ¥ó©Ò¥[¶i¥hªº­n¨D©Î»{ª¾ªº½d³ò¡A¤]¬O»¡¡A §Ú­Ì¨Ã¤£¦b¥G¹ï³o¨Æ¥ó§¹§¹¥þ¥þªº«ÈÆ[¤F¸Ñ¡A ¥u¤£¹L¬°¦Û¤v¿³½ì©M¥Øªº¦ÓÂà´«¦Ó¤w¡C) §Ú­ÌÂà´«³o¨Æ¥ó¨ì¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¼Æ¦r¨Ó¥N´À¥¦¡A¤]³\§ó²³æªº»¡¡A¬O§â³o¨Æ¥ó¥Î ¡u¼Æ¦r¡v©R¦W¡A©Î¬O¤Æ¥¦¬°¼Æ¦r¡A¦]¦¹§Ú­Ì¤£»¡¤Ñ®ð¼ö¡A ¦Ó»¡®ð·Å¤T¤Q¤­«×¤§Ãþ¡C¼Æ¾Ç¤Æ¤@ÂI»¡¡A«K¬O§Q¥ÎÀH¾÷ÅܼƳo­Ó¨ç¼Æ¡A §â¹êÅ窺¨Æ¥ó¬M®g¨ì¹ê¼Æ¨t¤W­±¥h¡C

(¤G)³o¨Æ¥ó¦³¦h¤j¡H·íµM¤j¤p¬O©M¥þÅé¬Û¤ñ¦Óª¾¹Dªº¡C §Ú­Ì¥i¥H­pºâ³o¨Æ¥óªº·§²v¡A©ÎªÌ¤ñ¸û¥¦¦û¥þÅ骺¦h¤Ö³¡¥÷¡C§ó¼Æ¾Ç¤Æ¤@ÂI¡A §Q¥Î¤@­Ó·§²v¨ç¼Æ¡A§â³oÀH¾÷Åܼƪº­È¥þ¬M®g¨ì0»P1¤§¶¡ªº¹ê¼Æ¶°¥h¡C



Á|¨Ò¨Ó»¡¡G©ß¤G­Ó»ÉªO¡Aµ²ªG¥i©w¬°¡A

[±ö¡A±ö]¡A[Äõ¡A±ö]¡A[±ö¡AÄõ]¡A[Äõ¡AÄõ]¡C

¨C¤@¹ï³£¬O¬Ûµ¥¾÷·|¥X²{ªº¡C

(¤@)¦pªG§A­n¨Dªº¬°¥X²{Äõ­±ªº­Ó¼Æ¡A ¦]¦¹ÀH¾÷ÅܼÆX·íµM¥Nªí¥X²{Äõ­±ªº­Ó¼Æ¡A¦]¦¹¡AX¥i¥H¬O0¡A1©M2¡A ¦Ó¥¦ªº·§²v¬ÛÀ³¬°$\frac{1}{4}$¡A$\frac{2}{4}$¡A©M$\frac{1}{4}$
(¤G)¦pªG§A­n¨Dªº¬OÄõ­±¥X²{»P§_¡A¦]¦¹ÀH¾÷ÅܼÆX·íµM¥Nªí¥X²{Äõ­±®É¦³¤@¥N¸¹¡A(³]¬°+3) ¤£¥X²{Äõ­±®É¥t¦³¤@¼Æ¦r¥N¸¹¡A(³]¬°-2)¡C ¬GX­È¬°-2©M+3¡A·§²v¨Ì¦¸¬°$\frac{1}{4}$©M$\frac{3}{4}$
(¤T)¦pªG§A­n¨Dªº¬O¤G­Ó»ÉªO¥X²{ªº­±¬O§_¥þ¦P¡A ¦]¦¹ÀH¾÷ÅܼÆX¦b¥X²{¤G­Ó±ö­±©Î¤G­Ó±ö­±©Î¤G­ÓÄõ­±®É¦³¤@¼Æ¦r¥N¸¹¡A (³]¬°1)¡A§_«h¤G­Ó¤£¬Û¦P®É¤]¦³¤@¼Æ¦r¥N¸¹¡A(³]¬°0)·§²v«h¬O¬Û¦Pªº¡A ³£µ¥©ó$\frac{1}{2}$¡C

³oùØ»¡©ú¤F¦]¬°­n¨D¤£¦P¡A©Ò­q¥X¨ÓªºÀH¾÷Åܼƪº©w¸q­È§ïÅܤF¡C ¦]¦Ó¾÷²v¤]§ïÅܤF¡C ¤U­±§Ú­Ì¥Î¤@­Ó¨Ò¤l¨Ó¤ñ¸û³o¨Ç¤£¦PÂI¡A¨Ã¶i¤@¨Bºî¦XÀH¾÷Åܼƪºµ²ªG¬°·§²v¨ç¼Æ¡C

   

¤W­¶¡@1¢x2¢x3¢x4¢x5¢x6¢x7¡@¦¸­¶

¦^­¶­º
 
¡]­Y¦³«ü¥¿¡BºÃ°Ý¡K¡K¡A¥i¥H¦b¦¹ ¯d¨¥ ©Î ¼g«H µ¹§Ú­Ì¡C¡^
EpisteMath

EpisteMath (c) 2000 ¤¤¥¡¬ã¨s°|¼Æ¾Ç©Ò¡B¥x¤j¼Æ¾Ç¨t
¦Uºô­¶¤å³¹¤º®e¤§µÛ§@Åv¬°­ìµÛ§@¤H©Ò¦³


½s¿è¡G¦¶¦w±j ³Ì«á­×§ï¤é´Á¡G4/26/2002